LiNbO3
LiNbO 3 is widely used as electro-optic modulator and Q-switch for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Ti:Sapphire lasers as well as modulator for fiber optics, etc. The transverse modulation is mostly employed for LiNbO 3 crystal.
If the light propagates in z-axis and electric field applies to x-axis, the refractive retardation will be G = p Lnr22V/ l d. The electro-optic coefficients of LiNbO 3 are:
r 33 = 32 pm/V, r 31 = 10 pm/V, r 22 = 6.8 pm/V at low frequency
r 33 = 31 pm/V, r 31 = 8.6 pm/V, r 22 = 3.4 pm/V at high electric frequency.
r 33 = 32 pm/V, r 31 = 10 pm/V, r 22 = 6.8 pm/V at low frequency
r 33 = 31 pm/V, r 31 = 8.6 pm/V, r 22 = 3.4 pm/V at high electric frequency.
MgO:LiNbO 3 and ZnO: LiNbO 3 crystals have similar electro-optic properties to LiNbO 3 but with higher damage threshold.The refractive index of an optical medium is altered by the presence of sound, this is called acousto-optic effect which can be used in many devices include optical modulators, switches, deflectors, filters, frequency shifters and spectrum analyzers. Dayoptics provide several kinds of acousto-optic crystals: LiNbO 3 SAW wafers, LiTaO 3 SAW wafers. TeO 2 and PbMnO 4 crystals.
Specifications:
| Diameter: | D40.0mm, D50.8mm, D76.2mm , D101.6mm |
| Thickness: | 0.2 ~ 1.0mm |
| Orientation: | X, Y, Z, 127.86 °Y, 64 °Y, 135 °Y |
| Front Polishing: | 0.016 ~0.001μm |
| Back Lapping: | 0.3 ~10 |
| Flatness: | «15μm |
| Bow: | * «20μm for dia <18mm * «40μm for dia 22 ~ 32mm |
Properties:
| Transmitting range | 420 - 5200 nm |
| Density | 4.64 g/cm 3 |
| Crystal Structure | Trigonal, space group R 3c |
| Cell Parameters | a = 5.15, c = 13.863, Z = 6 |
| Melting Point | 1255 +/-5℃ |
| Curie Point | 1140 +/-5℃ |
| Mohs Hardness | 5 |
| Absorption Coefficient | ~ 0.1%/cm @ 1064 nm |
| Relative Dielectric Constant | e T11/e 0 : 85 e T33/e 0 : 29.5 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 38 W /m /K @ 25℃ |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficients at 25℃ | ||a, 2.0 x 10 -6 /K @ 25℃ ||c, 2.2 x 10 -6 /K @ 25℃ |
| Refractive Indices | n e = 2.146, n o = 2.220 @ 1300 nm n e = 2.156, n o = 2.322 @ 1064 nm n e = 2.203, n o = 2.286 @ 632.8 m |
| Sellmeier equation(l in mm) | n o 2 ( l ) = 4.9048+0.11768/( l 2 - 0.04750) - 0.027169 l 2 n e 2 ( l ) = 4.5820+0.099169/( l 2 - 0.04443) - 0.021950 l 2 |